CNC Milling Machine Applications a cikin Samun Kafa
Kodun da suka gani CNC machining na farko, suka fahimci kamar abubuwan da suka ƙara wani ƙarami ko kuma wani shafin da ke dace. Amma yanzu ba haka ba. A yanzu, CNC milling machines sun zama abubuwan da suka taimaka wajen amfani a cikin sana’ar rawa, kuma suka iya samun bayanai daga wani engine block mai tsawo zuwa wani bayani na medisina mai ƙarami. Wani teknoliji ne ya ci gaba da kari kamar yadda ake amfani da su a cikin sana’a. A yanzu, wani milling platform zai iya samun wani mold cavity mai ƙarfi, wani aircraft rib mai ƙarfi, kuma wani orthopedic implant mai ƙarfi, duk suna da kari na bayanai. Wannan ƙarfi ya faru ne daga wani batu: idan kuna iya samun bayani a digital format, kuma idan kuna iya amfani da wani cutting tool da ke dace, to, zai iya samun bayani. Wannan kyau ne ba ne daga wani batu na teori, amma daga yadda wani sana’a ce ta amfani da wannan batu don taimaka wajen amfani da su a cikin sana’a.
Aerospace Imperative
Ku zo a cikin kowa daga wasu masu shiga aero space da kuma ku ga yadda ya zama mafi kyawawan koyaya. Kamar yadda ake amfani da aluminum alloy mai tsakanin gaba daya, wanda kadara suka fi tona biyu, suka yi amfani da shi a cikin mashe da 5 axis milling. A lokacin da suka fi hursa ko kuma rana biyu, waɗannan kudura suka canzawa zuwa wing ribs, fuselage frames, da bulkheads. Alama na fahimtar wannan yana nufin monolithic design, wanda ya sa mu sanya kudura biyu da suka fi hursa da sheet metal parts da suka fi hursa da rivets, kuma mu sanya kudura biyu da suka fi hursa da kudura mai tsakanin gaba daya da ke cikin billet. Wannan yana nuna abin da aka samu. Kowace hole na rivet da aka cire shine kuma yana nuna abin da aka cire ta hanyar fatigue crack. Kowace bolted joint da aka cire shine kuma yana nuna abin da aka cire ta hanyar karamin kudura da kuma yana nuna abin da aka cire ta hanyar karamin kudura. Amma alama na fahimtar wannan shine yana da karamin kudura. Waɗannan kudura suna bukata deep pocket milling da long reach tools wanda suka fi hursa da chatter idan machine ba ta da rigidity. Kudura da suka fi hursa da thin wall sections, wanda kadara suka fi hursa da millimeters biyu, suka bukata machining ba tare da distortion. Coolant delivery ta hanyar spindle shine kuma yana da karamin kudura don cire chips daga deep cavities. Wani programmer ya bayyana wannan yadda ake amfani da reverse sculpting, idan ku fara da kudura wanda kadara suka fi hursa da kilogram biyu da suka fi hursa da rana biyu, kuma ku cire karamin kudura don kara kudura wanda ke cikin structural skeleton. Machine yana bukatar kara positional accuracy a cikin kowace work envelope, saboda thermal drift a Y axis a cikin multi hour cycle shine kuma yana nuna abin da aka cire ta hanyar karamin kudura wanda kadara suka fi hursa da dollars biyu da suka fi hursa da rana biyu.
Takamunin Kula da Karamin Duk Muhimmanci a Cikin Alamarin Tabbaci
Idan kuma aikin gaba daya na ƙarfi da kuma tsari na gaba daya na ƙarfi, aikin tibbi yana bukatar kuma biyokompatibilati da kuma fahimtar mikroskopik da ke cikin wani hanyar karami. Kamar misali, alama na kankara, alama na kankara ta farko, da kuma alama na kankara ta gaba daya suna zama daga alloyin cobalt chrome, titanium na tibbi, da kuma polyethylene mai karfi sosai. Wadannan abubuwan suka fi yawa don gudunmawa. Titanium yana kuma gudunmawa idan ka sanin shi kamar yadda wani masu gudunmawa ya ce, wanda yana nufin cewa idan ka ci gaba daya na gudunmawa akan alama, yana zama gudunmawa kafin ka gudunmawa kuma yana sanya gudunmawa na alama. Alama na gudunmawa suka fi yawa kuma. Idan alama na gudunmawa ta zama mafi kyau akan kankara na kankara don tabbatawa osseointegration, alama na gudunmawa ta gaba daya na kankara yana bukatar kuma gudunmawa ta zama mafi kyau don tabbatawa nanometer. Gudunmawa ta farko wanda ta gudunmawa alama na kankara ta kuma gudunmawa wadannan alama na gudunmawa ta gaba daya. A cikin wadannan alama, alama na gudunmawa na kankara kamar rasps, reamers, da kuma cutting guides suna gudunmawa a gudunmawa mai gyara da kuma mai kyau. Alama na gudunmawa ta gaba daya yana da kyau sosai. Kowanne alama yana da lambar koyaushe ta gaba daya, wanda ya ke da laser mark da yake da kuma da kuma da gudunmawa ta gaba daya, alama na gudunmawa ta gaba daya, da kuma masu gudunmawa wanda suka gudunmawa. Wannan yadda alama na gudunmawa ta gaba daya yana bukatar cewa gudunmawa ta gaba daya ta zama mafi kyau, wanda ta zama mafi kyau don tabbatawa yadda alama na gudunmawa ta gaba daya ta zama mafi kyau.
Kudin Tsohon Kula da Kula
Kuma a ƙarƙashin tibbi zuwa cikin kasuwa, mu sami CNC milling ta yi wani role mai mahimmanci, amma ba ta da kyau kamar yadda ake fahimta. Masu amfani da maki mai gaba daya, masu amfani da abubuwan kariya, da masu amfani da sistemun saukin kwambo suna bukata abubuwan da suka dace da cast iron ko steel da suka dace da machining mai kyau a cikin surfaces da suka dace. Duba wani pump housing mai gaba daya. Cast raw ya zo a cikin machine shop, kuma internal passages suna cikin hali na yanzu, amma kowanne flange face, bearing bore, da sealing surface dole suka dace da milling da suka dace da geometric tolerances. Flatness, perpendicularity, da concentricity ba su abubuwan da suka faru a baya ba. Suna dace waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru: pump ya ci, ya ziri, ko ya gudan yanzu a cikin pressure. Large horizontal boring mills ko bridge type milling machines suka yi amfani da wannan abu. A ƙarƙashin amfani da shi kuma shine wani skill. Wani casting mai gaba daya dole ya dace da support da clamping ba a nuna distortion ba, kamar yadda ake amfani da jack screws da dial indicators don qualify part a baya da kowa cut ya faru. Mill ya yi circular interpolation don bore large diameters, face mills don flat gasket surfaces, da drills don create tapped holes a precise patterns. Business value shine ita ce sannan. Wani machine da za a iya maintain parallelism ne akan biyu bearing bores a meter kafin su dace, yana nufin gearbox da ke amfani da shi zai run quietly da zai dura ga decades. Downtime a cikin mining dump truck ko power plant turbine ya fi kyau kamar machining center da suka so abubuwan da suka dace.
Molds, Dies, da Duniya na Maki
Kamar yadda kuka sami abu na plastic kowace, daga dashboard na kotarinku zuwa casing na smartphone na ku, ya kashe aiki na CNC milled mold. Aiki na injection mold making shine ne kamar yadda ya zama abin da ke bukatar precision milling mai yawa. Core da cavity blocks, wanda suka kashe a hardened tool steel, suka kamata su fit together da parting line wanda ke ƙarami don haka kuma plastic mai gaba ba za ta iya flash into it ba. Kammalawa wannan yana da hard milling, wanda ke cut steel wanda aka heat treat su zuwa high hardness levels directly, ba tare da machining a soft state kuma sannan heat treating wanda ke haɗawa da distortion ba. High speed spindles, small diameter ball nose end mills, da trochoidal toolpaths suna aiki ne a wannan yanayi. Mill yana tracing millions of tiny stepovers, wanda yana baiwa cusp height wanda ke ƙarami don haka kuma hand polishing yana either dramatically reduced ko eliminated entirely. Wannan shine competitive advantage wanda mold shops suna ci gaba da kari. Same principles suna amfani da die casting dies don aluminum da zinc components. Hot work tool steels wanda suke amfani da su a wannan yanayi suna kuma unforgiving. Mold maker ya ce ni cewa true test na milling machine ba shine how fast it roughs, amma shine how smoothly it finishes a steep vertical wall in hardened steel without leaving witness marks. Wadannan marks suna translate directly to expensive bench polishing time, kuma polishing yana remove material unevenly, wanda ke soja geometric accuracy wanda mill ya yi aiki sosai don kammala.
Platformar Da Amince
Binciken waɗannan aikace-aikace dabam dabam ya nuna cewa akwai abu ɗaya. Injin gyaran CNC ba abu ne kawai ba. Shine dandamali mai ba da damar samar da lafiyar sararin samaniya, sakamakon tiyata, lokacin aiki na masana'antu, da ingancin samfuran masu amfani. Ƙarfin injin na riƙe haƙuri a cikin sauye-sauyen zafin jiki, don rage rawar jiki da ke haifar da magana, da kuma aiwatar da motsi masu yawa masu sauƙi suna ƙayyade nasarar ƙarshen ɓangaren. Wannan shi ne inda mai sana'a a bayan na'ura ya zama mahimmanci. Wani mai gini kamar HXCG ya fahimci wannan hakkin domin tushen nasu yana cikin aikin sarrafa kayan aiki mai nauyi. Sun san abin da ke faruwa idan wani spindle bearings preload ne ba daidai ba ko jagora hanya jeri drift, domin sun kasance a kan mai amfani da gefen wannan lissafi. Wannan ilimin da aka saka game da ainihin bukatun masana'antu yana tsara yadda suke tsara tsarin aikin su. Sa'ad da HXCG ta tsara da kuma haɗa na'ura, ba sa yin zato game da abin da masana'antar jirgin sama ko kuma masana'antar ƙera kayan aiki suke bukata. Sun bi waɗannan ƙa'idodin. Wannan al'adar ta amfani ta fassara zuwa na'urorin niƙa waɗanda suka zo da gaskiya ta asali, amincin inji wanda za ku iya ji lokacin da kuka danna maɓallin fara sake zagayowar kuma ku saurari yanke.
